Battery Capacity Guide (Wh) - 300-500Wh: Ultra-portable. Charge phones, tablets, laptops. Best for day trips, camping, emergency phone charging. 1-2 days light use.
- 500-1000Wh: Mid-range capacity. Run mini-fridges, CPAP, lights, laptops. Perfect for weekend camping, van life. 2-3 days moderate use.
- 1000-2000Wh: High capacity. Power tools, blenders, TVs, medical devices. Ideal for RVs, off-grid cabins. 3-5 days with solar recharge.
- 2000Wh+: Whole-home backup. Run refrigerators, heaters, well pumps. Emergency home power, full-time off-grid living. Expandable systems available.
Output Wattage (Continuous) - 300-500W: Small devices only. Laptops (50-100W), phones, LED lights. Not for fridges or power tools.
- 500-1000W: Most household devices. Mini-fridges (60W), fans, TVs, blenders. Best for camping and emergency use.
- 1000-2000W: High-power devices. Full-size fridges (150W), power tools, microwaves (700-1000W). RV and home backup.
- 2000W+: Heavy-duty applications. Air conditioners, heaters, well pumps, multiple appliances simultaneously. Whole-home backup capable.
- Surge Wattage: Look for 2x continuous wattage to handle startup surge (fridges, power tools need 2-3x running watts).
Battery Type Comparison - LiFePO4 (Lithium Iron Phosphate): 3000-6000+ cycles. Safest chemistry, 10+ year lifespan. Best long-term value. Heat resistant. Premium choice.
- Li-ion (Lithium-ion): 500-2000 cycles. Lighter weight, 3-5 year lifespan. More energy-dense. Common in mid-range units.
- Lead-Acid: 200-500 cycles. Heaviest, shortest lifespan. Cheapest upfront. Avoid unless budget-constrained. Toxic when disposed.
- Tip: LiFePO4 costs 30-50% more initially but lasts 3-5x longer. Calculate cost per cycle for true value.
Charging Options - Solar Charging (MPPT): 100-400W solar panels. MPPT controllers are 30% more efficient than PWM. 4-8 hours full charge in good sun.
- AC Wall Charging: Fastest option. 1-3 hours for fast charging models. Standard: 6-8 hours. Use for pre-trip charging.
- Car/12V Charging: Charge while driving. Slow (8-12 hours) but convenient for road trips. Good backup option.
- Dual/Triple Charging: Combine AC + Solar or AC + Car for fastest recharge. Premium feature on higher-end models.
Essential Features - Pure Sine Wave: Required for sensitive electronics (laptops, CPAP, medical). Modified sine wave damages electronics over time.
- UPS (Uninterruptible Power Supply): Seamless switchover (<20ms). Critical for home internet, medical equipment, servers. Not needed for camping.
- App Control/WiFi: Monitor battery, control outlets remotely. Firmware updates. Premium feature, adds $50-100 cost.
- Expandable Capacity: Add extra battery modules. Double or triple capacity. Future-proof investment. Common on 1000Wh+ models.
- USB-C PD (Power Delivery): Fast-charge laptops, phones (60-100W). More versatile than standard USB ports.
Portability & Build - Weight: 300Wh: 5-10 lbs, 1000Wh: 20-30 lbs, 2000Wh: 40-60 lbs. LiFePO4 is heavier than Li-ion for same capacity.
- Handles & Wheels: Essential for 30+ lbs units. Telescoping handles and wheels add portability. Check if removable for compact storage.
- Weatherproofing: Most are NOT waterproof. IP54+ rating for outdoor use. Store in dry location. Moisture kills electronics.
- Temperature Range: -4°F to 104°F typical. LiFePO4 handles heat better. Don't charge below freezing (damages batteries).
Outlets & Ports - AC Outlets: 2-6 outlets. Pure sine wave required. Check outlet spacing (bulky adapters need room).
- USB Ports: USB-A (5V), USB-C PD (up to 100W). More ports = more simultaneous devices. QC 3.0 for fast phone charging.
- 12V Car Port: Run car accessories, coolers, air compressors. Standard 10A (120W), some offer 15A (180W).
- DC5521 Ports: Legacy devices, routers, cameras. Less common on new units. Check your device needs.
Safety & Certifications - BMS (Battery Management System): Essential. Protects against overcharge, over-discharge, short circuit, overheating. All quality units have this.
- Certifications: UL, FCC, CE, RoHS. Indicates safety testing. Chinese imports may lack certification. Fire risk with uncertified batteries.
- Warranty: 1-2 years standard. 3-5 years on premium LiFePO4 units. Check battery warranty separately (often shorter).
- Ventilation: Fans keep batteries cool. Fanless units overheat under load. Some have eco-mode (fan only when needed).
Pro Tip: For most users, a 1000Wh LiFePO4 unit with 1000-1500W output, pure sine wave, MPPT solar charging, and multiple AC outlets is the sweet spot ($600-1200). It handles 90% of use cases (camping, emergencies, RV) and lasts 10+ years. Add a 200W solar panel ($150-300) for complete off-grid capability.
Use Case Examples: Camping: 500Wh, 500W, 10-15 lbs, USB-C. RV Living: 1500Wh, 1500W, LiFePO4, expandable, MPPT. Home Backup: 2000Wh+, 2000W+, UPS, app control, multiple outlets. Emergency Kit: 500-1000Wh, pure sine wave, LED light, multiple charging options.